In the framework of this publication, we will talk about the purpose of injections in the stomach “Heparin”, for which a drug is needed, what contraindications it has. You will learn about the possibility of injecting pregnant women and nursing mothers. And also in the article there is a list of drugs similar to Heparin that have the same therapeutic effect.

Description of the dosage form and composition

A direct-acting anticoagulant for injection has a ready-made liquid form. The solution can be colorless and transparent, and with a slight yellowish tint. The specific smell of the drug is weak, it is practically not noticeable. The tool is fully ready for use.

In the form of pills, the drug is not produced. “Heparin”, in addition to the liquid substance for injections, can be bought in the form of ointment or gel (Akrikhin 1000).

We are interested in exactly the injections of “Heparin”, therefore we will consider the composition only for the solution:

  • heparin - the basis of the drug at a dosage of 5000 IU per 1 ml;
  • water for injections;
  • sodium chloride;
  • benzyl alcohol.

One package contains five ampoules with a capacity of 5 ml.

Pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics

The medicine is used to increase the fibrinolytic activity of the blood. The anticoagulant is used to dilute, as it reduces its coagulability, fibrin begins to form more slowly. Even a small dose of Heparin can significantly reduce blood density, and a high concentration of the drug reduces the activity of thrombin.

The main substance is able to accumulate in the blood, and due to this property the aggregation of platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells decreases, adhesion decreases.

The medicine favorably affects the prevention of atherosclerosis. "Heparin" has a small vasodilator and anti-allergenic property. This action is caused by the ability of a substance to reduce the activity of the complement system by linking its elements.

An injection in the abdomen is more preferable, since the effect of the drug will be longer than with other types of injections, but the effect does not occur so quickly.

We offer to compare the timing of exposure and action:

  • an injection into a vein - the effect begins almost instantly, the action lasts no more than 4-5 hours;
  • intramuscular injection - the effect begins after 15-25 minutes, the effect lasts for six hours (with this introduction, bruises often form at the injection site, so the method is not recommended);
  • subcutaneous - exposure after an hour, but the duration of action is up to 8 hours.

Metabolism is produced by the liver, and excretion is performed by the kidneys. The drug does not penetrate the placenta or breast milk.

Only the doctor prescribes the drug, he also prescribes the dosage and number of injections, starting from the patient's condition, and the reasons for which injections were required (treatment or prevention).

Why do heparin injections in the stomach

Procedures are prescribed for patients with problems in blood coagulation.

Subcutaneous injections can be used for the following ailments:

  • atrial fibrillation;
  • thrombosis;
  • heart attack;
  • pulmonary embolism;
  • angina pectoris of an unstable nature;
  • violation of blood microcirculation;
  • prevention of blood clots;
  • endocarditis.

Indications for the use of "Heparin" are available before operations and blood transfusions to reduce its coagulability.

Despite the high cost of the drug, you can not refuse it if there is a doctor’s prescription. This drug reduces the risk of sudden death in patients with heart defects and thrombosis. After a heart attack, Heparin can be prescribed as a prophylaxis of a second attack.

This tool saved millions of lives by reducing the number of deaths.

Instructions for use of the drug

The package with the drug contains instructions for use, which clearly spelled out the dosage options. But you can not be guided only by the annotation, the dose and number of injections per day, as well as the duration of the course, should be chosen by the attending physician.

Each person is unique, like his disease, so an individual approach is required.

The doctor will evaluate the patient’s health status, the reason for the injection (treatment, prevention), determine the appropriate dose.

The results of the tests also affect the amount of medication used, it is especially important to evaluate the APTT.

We suggest considering an approximate (universal) treatment regimen for adults:

  1. For therapy purposes, injections in the stomach are used 4 times a day for 10 days. One dose is 10,000 IU, which equals 2 ml of the drug.
  2. If it is a blood transfusion, then the donor is administered from 7.5 to 10,000 IU once (only if intravenous injection is not possible).
  3. For prevention purposes - 5000 IU (i.e. 1 ml) once or twice a day. This will be prescribed by the doctor, he will determine the duration of the course.

Children are prescribed this drug extremely rarely, and injections are given only in the hospital. The dose to pediatric patients is selected very carefully, since the presence of benzyl alcohol in the composition can cause intoxication of the body.

Special instructions:

  1. “Heparin” in ampoules can change color from transparent and colorless to bright yellow. This does not affect the effectiveness and tolerability of the drug.
  2. A biopsy is not performed with Heparin.
  3. It is impossible to put other injections (except intramuscular) during the course of the described medication.
  4. The use of the drug with alcohol intoxication is possible, as well as with smoking.
  5. "Heparin" does not affect the attention and severity of the reaction, so driving and carrying out dangerous work is possible.

Pricking a medicine in the stomach is not as easy as it seems. It is necessary to maximize pull the fold of the abdomen forward, pinch it between the fingers, deeply insert the needle.

Stabilize the injections steadily to avoid the appearance of a hematoma at the injection site.

During pregnancy and lactation

Active components and excipients can not harm the fetus in any way, since they do not have the ability to penetrate the walls of the placenta. Despite this, the use of “Heparin" for women in the position is not recommended. The fact is that the blood-thinning action threatens the expectant mother with premature birth in the late term or a miscarriage in the early. Despite the high degree of risk of such complications (up to 21% versus 4% in the absence of injections), treatment can be prescribed if there are absolute indications during pregnancy. Indeed, the risk of sad consequences for the mother and the fetus is much higher due to dangerous diseases (including blood clots) than from the use of Heparin. In this case, injections are done, but only in the hospital under the constant supervision of a doctor.

"Heparin" does not penetrate into breast milk, so the drug is not transmitted to the baby from the mother. But, as numerous studies have shown, the use of “Heparin” in the form of injections for women in most cases led to osteoporosis and some spinal injuries in babies. Therefore, injections during breastfeeding are not prescribed. If there is evidence, and it is impossible to do without Heparin, then breastfeeding is canceled, transferring the crumbs to artificial mixtures until the end of the course.

Drug interaction

"Heparin" is not contraindicated for use with other medicines, but there are some drugs that can enhance or reduce its effectiveness.

Strengthen the effectiveness of "Heparin":

  • medicines that stop the production of vitamin K;
    aspirin;
  • drugs that reduce platelet aggregation;
  • indirect anticoagulants.

Weaken the effectiveness of "Heparin":

  • phenothiazines;
  • nicotine and nicotinic acid;
  • ethacrylic acid;
  • thyroxine;
  • nitroglycerine;
  • cardiac glycosides;
  • tetracyclines;
  • protamine;
  • polypeptides.

"Heparin" with other drugs should not be mixed in the same syringe for affixing a single injection.

Contraindications, side effects and overdose

The drug is not prescribed for intolerance to components and any kind of bleeding. An exception is hemoptysis with pulmonary infarction and hematuria with renal infarction.

Other contraindications:

  • heart aneurysm;
  • endocarditis caused by bacteria;
  • gangrene of veins;
  • increased permeability of blood vessels;
  • impaired functioning of the liver, kidneys;
  • anemia;
  • leukemia;
  • recently transferred operations;
  • age up to two years;
  • varicose veins of the esophagus;
  • menses;
  • ulcers of the stomach and intestines;
  • open wounds.

Caution to use the product:

  • elderly patients (over 65 years old);
  • people with an allergy of a polyvalent nature;
  • with hypertension of arteries;
  • patients with diabetes;
  • persons with active tuberculosis;
  • with the IUD.

Side effects may include the following:

  1. The most common are allergies (rhinitis, itching, rash, anaphylactic shock), headache, a feeling of nausea. Less commonly, diarrhea or vomiting, lack of appetite.
  2. Less commonly, thrombocytopenia, epidermal necrosis.
  3. Very rarely and only with long-term treatment: osteoporosis, bone fragility, bleeding and hemorrhage.
  4. The following phenomena are considered normal side effects: pain and burning in the injection zone, hematomas, bleeding from the injection site.

As for the overdose, it is quite possible. Manifested by bleeding and hemorrhage. If the overdose is small, then you need to temporarily stop taking "Heparin", the symptoms themselves will disappear. When the bleeding is strong, then you need to use protamine sulfate (1 mg for every 100 IU of injected "Heparin").

Analogs for injection

In some situations, the doctor may not prescribe Heparin, but its analogues.

Similar in composition and the same in therapeutic effect are drugs:

  • "Heparin Sodium Brown";
  • "Troparin";
  • Enixum
  • "Fraxiparin";
  • "Zibor".

According to reviews, the effect of treatment with analogues is the same as that of Heparin.

Despite the fact that injections can be given at home, it is recommended that they be carried out in the presence of a doctor. “Heparin” has many side effects, contraindications, therefore, in no case do not use it longer than the specified period and in large dosages.

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