Pears are tasty and healthy, they enrich the body with vitamins, improve digestion, and cheer up. It is not necessary to live in the south to grow dessert pear varieties. Even in areas with frosty winters and short summers, crops can be obtained with correctly selected seedlings. It is necessary to choose planting material, focusing on the natural conditions of the locality.
Material Content:
Description of the best varieties of pears for the Moscow region
The future crop depends on the selected seedling. You need to be interested in buying in the nursery whether the variety is self-fertile, if not, which pear is best planted nearby.
A characteristic feature of the Moscow Region is a temperate continental climate with warm summers and cold winters. In February, there are often thaws. In the eastern and southeastern regions, winters are colder and summers are hotter, droughts are possible. Zoned varieties are adapted to winter cold and summer heat, stably bear fruit.
A good choice for the Moscow region
Pear Lada - a medium-sized tree of the standard type begins to produce crops at the age of 4. Ripe yellowish fruits with a reddish blush, good taste.
Benefits:
- frugality;
- immunity to disease;
- self-fertility;
- productivity;
- frost resistance.
Chizhovskaya - grown on a stem, the height in adulthood is not more than 2.5 m. Greens with yellowness, medium-sized, tasty.
Benefits:
- stable yields;
- self-fertility;
- long-term storage of fruits;
- frost resistance;
- immunity to diseases.
Carmen - characterized by brightly colored fragrant fruits with brownish-red skin, which ripen in August. Crohn is compact.
Benefits:
- good taste;
- disease resistance;
- small tree sizes.
In the suburbs are also popular: Kokinskaya, Veles, Ilyinka, Autumn Susova, Moskvichka, Otradnenskaya, Rogneda, Vidnaya, Nursery, Thumbelina.
Varieties of pears for central Russia
The pear tree differs from the apple tree in its more whimsical nature; therefore, many gardeners are wary of growing it. Breeders bred varieties resistant to bad weather conditions and abundantly bearing fruit. In moderately frosty winters, characteristic of the region, the zoned seedlings do not freeze, give high yields in the third year after planting.
Best for central Russia
Yeseninskaya - the fruits are juicy and sweet, with a light aroma of nutmeg.
Benefits:
- early maturity;
- frost resistance;
- productivity;
- immunity to diseases.
Yuryevskaya - greenish-yellow fruits with very delicate, juicy pulp, ripen in late September.
Benefits:
- high yields;
- excellent taste, long storage;
- winter hardiness;
- early maturity.
Extravaganza - the first fruits appear 5 years after planting. Harvest time - early September, pears are very tasty, large, with juicy, sweet and fragrant pulp.
Benefits:
- immunity to disease;
- plentiful harvests;
- long storage of fruits.
Popular varieties in central Russia: Skorospelka from Michurinsk, Thumbelina, Just Maria, Belarussian Late, Otradnenskaya, Tonkovetka, Oryol Summer, Memorable, Autumn Bergamot.
For Siberia and the Urals
For cultivation in the harsh conditions of Siberia and the Far East, varieties grafted on the stock of the Ussuri pear are often used. A feature of most Siberian varieties are small fruits.
Best for Siberia
Small - small green-red fruits, very juicy and delicate, fragrant. Collected in early September, stored no more than 1 month.
Benefits:
- good taste;
- winter hardiness;
- drought tolerance;
- immunity to scab.
Krasnoyarsk large - light green large fruits with delicate pulp, in the cold years can acquire a tart taste, are stored after collection for no more than 15 days.
Benefits:
- large yields;
- large fruits of universal purpose;
- immunity to scab.
Dark - fruits weighing up to 400 g are light yellow with a faint blush. The pulp is juicy, sweet, slightly astringent. Shelf life up to 2 months.
Benefits:
- good presentation and taste;
- frost resistance;
- resistance to waterlogging and drying out of the soil;
- plentiful harvests;
- immunity to scab.
In Siberia, varieties are also popular: Sibiryachka, Zoya, Karataevskaya, Kupava, Svarog; Kuyumskaya, Cinderella, Long-awaited, Dangling, Northerner, Bere Bosk, Granddaughter, Dekabrinka, Krasulya, Yakovlev's Favorite, Uralochka, Lel, Perun.
The best for the Urals
Dekabrinka is a medium-sized tree, begins to bear fruit 7 years after planting, the fruits are tasty, with juicy, rough flesh, ripen in mid-September, stored from 1 to 3 months.
Advantages:
- winter hardy;
- immunity to gall mites and scab;
- good taste.
Larinskaya - begins to produce crops for 5 years after planting, the fruits are tasty, with dense, juicy pulp, harvested in early September, stored for no more than 2 months.
Advantages:
- frost resistance;
- productivity;
- good taste.
Red-sided - the fruits are beautiful, with a greenish-yellow skin covered with raspberry blush, juicy and tasty, the crop is harvested in mid-September, stored for 1 to 3 months.
Advantages:
- winter hardiness;
- immunity to disease;
- good presentation and taste.
In the Urals, varieties are also grown: Krasulya, Long-awaited, Fairytale, Bashkir autumn, Lel, Uralochka, Povislyaya, Severyanka, Myth, Berezhenaya.
The best early grades
Which variety is best to choose depends on the region of residence, size of the plot, taste preferences. Each pear has its own advantages and disadvantages, so preference should be given to zoned varieties.
The best varieties of pears (highlighted in bold) summer ripening:
- Chizhovskaya;
- Lada;
- August dew;
- Black Sea Amber;
- Krasul;
- Oryol summer;
- Petrovskaya;
- Thin thread;
- Sverdlovchanka;
- Precocity from Michurinsk;
- Bashkir summer;
- Bergamot is summer;
- Klapp's favorite;
- Severyanka is red-cheeked;
- Williams
- Children's;
- Kuban juicy;
- Ruddy Kedrina;
- Dagestan summer;
- Seedless;
- Cathedral;
- Lel;
- Oryol beauty;
- Rusanovskaya;
- Samaritan woman;
- Fairytale
- Skoropelka Sverdlovsk;
- Tonovetka Ural;
- Commemorative;
- Dubovskaya early;
- Krasnoyarsk large.
Early varieties of pears begin to bear fruit in July, and ripen until the end of August. The fruits are ripened a bit unripe, the shelf life of most summer varieties does not exceed 7-14 days.
Varieties of autumn ripening
Harvest time for autumn pears begins in September and lasts until the end of October, it all depends on the variety. The fruits are ripped off at the stage of technical maturity, when the peel is still green. Pears acquire a yellow or reddish color characteristic of their variety, stored in a cool room.
Varieties of autumn ripening:
- In memory of Yakovlev;
- Marble
- Beauty Chernenko;
- Veles;
- Autumn Yakovleva;
- Yesenin;
- Muratovskaya;
- Original;
- Parshin's memory;
- Larinskaya;
- Sverdlovchanka;
- Autumn Susova;
- Yurievskaya;
- Forest beauty;
- Bere Bosk;
- Volga Autumn;
- Bashkir autumn;
- Decembrine;
- Tatyana;
- Thumbelina;
- Dessert Rossoshanskaya;
- October;
- November;
- Apple-shaped;
- Seaside beauty;
- Aurora;
- Quiet Don;
- Simply Maria.
Autumn varieties have universal application - they are eaten fresh, dried, made stewed fruit, jam and candied fruit.
What winter varieties of pears are the best
Most winter varieties are suitable for long-term storage. They are plucked at the stage of technical maturity, after several days of storage, the fruits acquire their characteristic taste and aroma, they become tastier.
Winter grades:
- Helena;
- January
- Nika;
- Extravaganza;
- Yakovlevskaya;
- February
- Bere winter Michurina;
- Russian bere;
- Cure;
- Winter kubarevidnaya;
- Belarussian late;
- Olvier da Serre;
- Bergamot of Dagestan;
- Ferdinant;
- Miracle
- Yurievskaya;
- Shihan;
- Leuven;
- Kuban late;
- Pass Crassan;
- January
- May Day;
- February souvenir;
- Hera
- Nika;
- Turquoise
- Gimrinskaya;
- Saint Germain.
Many winter varieties have an attractive appearance, suitable for preservation and drying, long-term fresh storage for up to 3-5 months.
The sweetest
There are about 10% sugars in pear pulp, every second description of the variety contains information that the fruits are sweet or sour-sweet in taste.
The most popular varieties are on this list:
- Krasul;
- Williams or Duchess summer;
- Bulletin;
- Thumbelina;
- Oryol beauty;
- Far East;
- Fairytale
- Rusanovskaya;
- Olivier de Serre;
- Podkumk;
- Black Sea Amber;
- Allegro;
- Veselinka;
- Tatyana;
- Caucasus;
- Children's;
- Aurora;
- Bergamot autumn;
- Kabardinka;
- Volga Autumn;
- Quiet Don;
- Zonal
- Amber.
Choosing the right pear variety for the garden is only half the battle. It is important to plant it correctly. It is advisable to complete all planting work before the sap flow begins in the spring or after the leaves fall in the seedling in the fall.
Description of the landing process:
- Make a landing pit, the size of the corresponding root system.
- Be sure to plant a strong peg in the ground next to the seedling.
- The root neck is not buried.
- Having fallen asleep the spread roots of the seedling with soil, tie it to a peg so that it does not suffer from the wind.
- Then the earth in the near-stem circle is compacted, watered, and mulched with rotted manure or mowed grass.
For a small infield, it is better to purchase self-fertile undersized varieties. By choosing the right planting material, you can protect yourself from many problems, and enjoy gardening to the fullest.
