Regardless of age, people can suffer from inflammatory processes in the joints and connective tissues. Similar diseases bring unbearable pain. To get rid of it, it is worth starting the use of "Meloxicam", he will be able to get rid of unpleasant sensations.
Material Content:
Forms of release and composition of the drug
There are three forms of drug release:
- Tablets in a reduced (7.5 mg) or normal (15 mg) dosage. Available in blisters of 10 pieces. In a cardboard box is 1 or 2 blisters.
- Rectal suppositories. Packed in curly plastic blisters of 5 pieces. In a cardboard box, 2 blisters.
- Injections at a dosage of 10 mg / ml. 3 ampoules (each 1.5 ml) in a box.
The composition of the drug includes the active substance meloxicam.
And also there are additional components that are different for each form of release.
The injection ampule contains several additional components:
- aminoacetic acid or glycine - is used as the main mediator for transmitting a signal of speed reduction to neurons, which allows you to have a calming effect on numerous receptors of the spinal cord and brain;
- polyethylene glycol 400 and 1,2-propylene glycol - are used as a solvent;
- meglumine is a water-soluble synthetic substance that acts on certain receptors to suppress pain;
- povidone-K 17 - enterosorbing agent for the removal of toxins;
- sodium hydroxide - is used as a catalyst for chemical reactions of the body;
- water.
Suppositories contain only semi-synthetic glycerides, less than 1 g. They serve to form the necessary form.
Meloxicam tablets contain the amount of active substance corresponding to the labeling, as well as:
- microcrystalline cellulose - improves the absorption capacity of the gastrointestinal mucosa;
- lactose - added as a sweetener, as well as to shape the tablet;
- Aerosil - has a high sorption ability in relation to substances of a protein nature, that is, it helps to cleanse the body and remove toxins;
- croscarmellose sodium - an auxiliary substance that accelerates the dissolution of tablets in the body;
- magnesium stearate, talc - substances are used as a filler.
The composition of each form includes proven components that help enhance the activity of the main substance. Therefore, choosing one or another variant of the drug is based on the convenience of the patient.
Pharmacological action, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
"Meloxicam" refers to the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
It relieves pain and has an antipyretic effect.
The drug is metabolized in the liver. Traces of withdrawal can be found in urine, and in feces contains no more than 5% of the daily norm. The half-life lasts less than a day.
Pharmacodynamics is based on a sharp decrease in the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) at the enzymatic level. COX-2 is responsible for the natural production of prostaglandins - physiologically active lipid substances that increase the sensitivity of nociceptive receptors (pain receptors) to pain mediators (transmitters). The degree of suppression of COX-1 is significantly lower, however, slight inhibition is still present. This suppresses some of the natural immune processes in the stomach.
"Meloxicam" is absorbed from the digestive tract, has a high degree of bioavailability (about 89% in laboratory studies). The effectiveness of the active substance does not depend on food intake. The use of various dosages, 7.5 mg and 15 mg, leads to a proportional increase in the content of the drug in the body, and reaches the maximum possible dosage in no more than five days. Long-term use (longer than 12 months) practically does not change these indicators and remains at a constant level of steady state.
What helps meloxicam
"Meloxicam" helps with the relief of pain that occurs against the background of:
- arthritis of various kinds;
- arthrosis of the joints;
- Ankylosing spondylitis;
- inflammatory joint diseases;
- degenerative changes in mobile joints of bones.
The drug is effective only as a symptomatic treatment of a developing disease. He has no effect on her progress, stopping only pain.
Instructions for use and dosage
Instructions for use include treatment with variable doses, which depend on the rate of achievement of the analgesic effect. Daily use should take into account the individual characteristics of each patient. It is recommended to take the medicine once with food.
The permissible dose is not more than 15 mg per day.
7.5 mg and 15 mg oral tablets
Indication for the use of tablets "Meloxicam" is rheumatoid arthritis. Initially, 1 tablet (15 mg) is prescribed per day before meals. When the necessary effectiveness is achieved, the dose can be halved.
In a dosage of “Meloxicam”, 7.5 mg (1 tablet) is prescribed in the treatment of pain arising from arthrosis.In the absence of an anti-inflammatory or analgesic effect, the dosage is gradually increased.
Ankylosing spondylitis requires the use of the maximum permissible dose (1 tablet 15 mg or 2 tablets 7.5 mg). Exceeding it is hazardous to health.
The duration of admission, depending on the diagnosis, varies from 2 to 4 weeks. If necessary, the course can be repeated after 1-2 months.
Solution for injection 10 mg / ml
Injections "Meloxicam" intramuscularly usually prescribed in the first few days of treatment. Further use of injections is impractical, therefore, the introduction of the drug is replaced by taking the drug in a different form.
However, if the patient insists on the chosen form, the therapist can prescribe 1 injection per day, the duration of treatment is 2-4 weeks.
Rectal suppositories (suppositories) 15 mg
Suppositories "Meloxicam" is prescribed rectally, a single daily use is enough. Combined treatment with any form of the drug should take into account the daily intake of the substance. Suppository therapy in a reduced dosage of 7.5 mg is possible. The course of admission is 2-4 weeks.
During pregnancy and lactation
The active substance of the drug affects the bearing and lactation due to the significant penetrating ability and the possibility of suppressing prostaglandins. The experiments were conducted laboratory on experimental animals (rats and rabbits).
Studies have shown the following risks:
- decrease in the probability of pregnancy;
- an increase in the number of defects of the heart septum in the fetus (a rare complication);
- increased frequency of stillbirths;
- decreased neonatal survival;
- The cost of delivery.
In addition, during lactation, the concentration of the substance meloxicam in milk is higher than in the mother's body, which can adversely affect the newborn.
Therefore, the drug is not prescribed for women bearing a child or nursing mothers.
Drug interaction
High activity of the drug can cause various types of interaction with other medicinal substances.
In particular, side effects are possible:
- The appearance of erosions and lesions of the mucous membranes with ulcers, bleeding - during administration with acetylsalicylic acid, other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anticoagulants or thrombolytic drugs.
- Inhibition of the action of active substances of antihypertensive (pressure-reducing) drugs and intrauterine contraceptives.
- The increase in the toxic effects of lithium and the concentration of this substance in the body in case of simultaneous administration with drugs based on it.
- Inhibition of the hematopoietic system, the development of oxygen starvation, a decrease in the level of hemoglobin and leukocytes - in case of admission with methotrexate.
- With the simultaneous administration of diuretics or cyclosporine, the development of renal failure is possible.
A decrease in the effectiveness of meloxicam can occur due to the combination with colestyramine, which accelerates the withdrawal of the first and reduces its activity against this background.
Contraindications, side effects and overdose
A contraindication for the appointment of "Meloxicam" is a number of diseases:
- acute heart, liver, or kidney failure;
- stomach ulcer (except for the period of remission);
- duodenal ulcer;
- any type of violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes of the internal organs;
- age less than 15 years;
- hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug;
- the combination of symptoms in the form of neoplasms (polyps) in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx or sinuses, asthma of the bronchial type and intolerance to the drug aspirin.
Side effects during the use of "meloxicam" may occur in varying degrees of severity. When diagnosing at least a few, it is necessary to abandon the drug and conduct symptomatic treatment.
Gastrointestinal tract
The formation of erosion, the opening of bleeding, the occurrence of ulcers, exacerbation of gastritis, diarrhea or constipation, nausea or vomiting, colitis, increased gas formation, belching.
CNS
Lethargy, dizziness, nasal congestion, or tinnitus.
The cardiovascular system
Hot flashes, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate.
Dermis
Urticaria, skin itch and rash of various locations and types, anaphylactic edema.
urinary system
Changes in function indicators, nephritis of various types, partial death of renal tissue.
In patients with a reduced volume of circulated blood, clinical symptoms of renal failure may occur, which disappear after discontinuation of the drug.
Overdose leads to increased side effects. To neutralize, it is urgent to rinse the stomach, take activated charcoal in an appropriate amount. Therapy is symptomatic.
Analogues of meloxicam
The active substance meloxicam is used in a number of medicines. Their action is similar, which allows us to say that there are many analogues of Meloxicam. The purpose of a particular drug is due to only small differences and is based on the therapeutic experience of a specialist.
Mirlox, Movasin
The drugs are available in the form of tablets, have the same contraindications and side effects. The difference is manufacturer and price.
Movalis
Available in tablets of various dosages, and in the form of intramuscular injections. Convenience lies in the availability of packaging not only from three, but also from five ampoules. In addition, Movalis has a degree of purification higher than Meloxicam, which reduces the number of contraindications. Therefore, it is allowed to prescribe from 14 to 25 weeks of pregnancy, as well as patients with impaired excretory system.
Diclofenac
The composition of the drug includes the same active substance. Instructions for use are slightly wider, but Diclofenac is used for less severe pain than Meloxicam. The undoubted advantage is the variety of forms of release: tablets, ointment (1%), gel (1% and 5%), injections, rectal suppositories.
Amelotex
In addition to the same release forms as the preparation “Meloxicam”, the gel is available for external use. However, the medicine does not have other fundamental differences.
The drug "Meloxicam" has a significant effect for relieving pain in joint diseases. It has a proven result, is suitable for use in a wide range of patients, and also stands out among its analogues at a favorable price.
