Vivid inflorescences of irises adorn modern gardens. This flower is unpretentious, but, like all living things, requires attention. Over time, it becomes necessary to divide the bush and transplant it to a new place. It should be decided when to transplant irises. This can be done in spring or autumn.
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Iris transplantation, why is it needed
The root system of irises grows in breadth, captures new territories, jamming neighboring plantings. In addition, powerful roots age over time and begin to decay. This can lead to the death of the plant.
The transplanted and renewed plant begins to grow rapidly, new young shoots appear, active flowering is observed. When transplanting, soil is replaced, which, during the growth of a powerful bush, is depleted, damaged by diseases and pests.
The best time for a transplant
Irises can be transplanted at any time if they do not bloom and you are not going to share them. But they do this in emergency cases, for example, you did not have time to transplant it in time, and the bush has grown so much that it interferes with neighboring plants.
But still better if done on time. The best time for dividing and transplanting experienced flower growers consider spring and autumn. Moreover, some of them prefer the autumn transplant. They think that she is more gentle.
The nuances of autumn, spring iris transplant
The transplant can be carried out in the spring, when the soil has already warmed up, the flowers started to grow. For the middle band, this may be the end of April - the first decade of May.It is worth fearing a root break, since at this time they are very fragile.
According to other gardeners, the best time for this procedure is early autumn (from the beginning of September). The plant by this time will already fade and increase the green mass of shoots. If you transplant on time, the seedlings will take root in the cold and bloom profusely next summer.
We will get to know each transplant method in more detail.
How to transplant irises in autumn
If you are going to transplant a plant, you should stop fertilizing it a month before.
First you need to choose a place to land, prepare the soil. It should be loose, peeled of weeds and their roots. The soil for irises is not acidic. At high acidity of the soil, lime, dolomite flour or ash is added.
The soil must be filled with mineral elements, such compounds will be suitable for this culture: Kemira, Ammofos, Azofoska, Sudarushka, Aquarin. Organics should be excluded.
You should know that irises react negatively to fertilizing with manure. This can cause a root burn. Organic fertilizers should use well-ripened compost, but only on very poor soils.
Preparing planting material
It is better to dig a bush with a pitchfork, so as not to cut the roots, shake off the ground from them. The rhizome is carefully inspected, cut out rotted and old parts. We cut the leaves to a height of 10 cm. Slices can be covered with brilliant green, crushed charcoal or other antiseptic.
We cut the lateral roots to 3 cm. If we are going to divide the plant, we cut the rhizome into several parts, leaving 1-3 bundles of leaves on each. Delenka is kept in a solution of potassium permanganate. You can use other tools offered by specialty stores. After disinfecting the rhizomes, dry and plant.
The technology of planting irises:
- On the prepared bed we make holes at a distance of 1.5 m. If you divide the bush into small divisions, the distance between them can be 40 cm.
- Pour a knoll into the hole, consisting of a mixture of fertile land, sand and a teaspoon of complex fertilizer.
- At the top of the knoll we place a dividend, and distribute the lateral roots along its slopes.
- Sprinkle the rhizome of iris on top of the ground, gently squeeze it and water it with the addition of Fitosporin. No more watering required.
- In November, with the onset of the first frosts, we cover the plantings with a layer of peat or spruce branches. In the spring, when the snow melts and the soil begins to warm up, the shelter is removed, the peat is raked.
Rules for care after transplantation in autumn, spring
After transplanting, it is necessary to properly care for the seedlings. For plants planted in spring or autumn, these actions are somewhat different.
Care for the autumn planting of irises
If the autumn turned out to be dry and warm, the seedlings are watered three or four days after planting. The soil around is gently loosened so as not to damage the superficial rhizomes. Further care depends on the ambient temperature.
When approaching cold weather, plantings are covered with mulch from peat, dry grass and leaves, and spruce branches. This will protect young plants from freezing. This procedure should be mandatory when growing irises in Siberia. In spring, when the snow melts and warm weather sets in, the shelter must be removed so that the spring sun warms the ground and the roots of the seedlings.
Autumn plantings bloom as early as next spring. Abundant flowering of irises begins after two years.
How to care for irises planted in spring
Plants planted in the spring should, first of all, be protected from the bright spring sun. Planting is mulched with dry grass or soil. With insufficient moisture, the seedlings are watered.
Since adult shrubs with powerful rhizomes are transplanted in spring, they take root well and, with the onset of autumn, can do without shelter. It is enough to sprinkle protruding roots with the earth.
Transplant Disease Prevention
Only healthy specimens can be transplanted.If you dug up a bush and find rotten roots, they must be removed, and the plant treated with a solution of phytosporin or Hom. These are modern drugs, they are not toxic to humans and animals. We hold the plant in them for 20 minutes, then dry for 10-12 hours.
It is necessary to carefully examine the seedlings for the presence of pests. Be sure to remove the dry leaves, they should then be burned. The plant can be treated with phytoverm. This biological agent, it destroys harmful insects and is not harmful to wildlife and humans.
In order not to form various rot on the plantings, it is necessary to observe the watering regime, not to overmoisten the iris plantings. Excess moisture causes decay of the roots and leaves. It is important to use warm water for irrigation.
The main cause of root rot is a recessed landing. Ideally, the back of the rhizome should be lit by the sun, as if “sunbathing”.
Rusty spots are often found on iris leaves. Sick leaves are removed and burned. The bushes are treated with copper sulfate or perchloric copper oxide. Do not plant plants densely, in this case, airing worsens, diseased bushes can infect neighboring ones.
The most popular species among Russian gardeners is unpretentious bearded irises. Among them are plants with large flowers. They are often called the northern orchid.
Irises have a wide variety of varieties and species. The most unpretentious - bearded and Siberian species. Their inflorescences have shades from pale white to dark purple with a purple tint. This plant attracts the eye with bright colors, creates unique corners in the garden.
