A universal antiseptic with a pronounced antimicrobial effect - this is how chlorhexidine bigluconate can be described. The chlorhexidine solution helps not only to remove pathogenic microflora from certain parts of the body, but also to disinfect some medical devices.

Forms of release and composition of the drug

The active component of the antiseptic is chlorhexidine. This component actively interacts with cells of pathogenic microorganisms, causing their death. An auxiliary component of the solution is purified water or ethyl alcohol.

The medicine in the form of vaginal suppositories contains the active ingredient (16 mg in one suppository) and excipients. These include macrogol 400, as well as macrogol 1500. Vaginal suppositories are used locally.

The gel for external use contains 2% chlorhexidine bigluconate and a gelling agent. It is used in dental practice for the treatment of gum disease. Sometimes the gel may contain a solution of lidocaine.

Pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics

Chlorhexidine is an effective bactericidal, disinfectant and fungicidal drug. Its detrimental effect on pathogenic microflora is based on oxidative ability.It oxidizes the cell membranes of microorganisms, while violating the cytoplasmic membrane and blocking the transport of ionic compounds.

Antimicrobial activity on the surface of the skin persists for a long time. Blood and purulent discharge can to some extent reduce the effect of an antiseptic.

IMPORTANT! For the fungicidal effect, a large concentration (0.05%) of the antiseptic substance is used.

A bactericidal solution is active against many pathogenic pathogens. These include gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases (Trichomonas, Chlamydia), parasitic fungi and viruses.

Pharmacokinetics

When applied externally in an acceptable concentration, the antiseptic does not have a systemic effect on the body (it is not absorbed into the bloodstream).

Why is the drug prescribed?

A disinfectant is prescribed for the treatment of many diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms and for their prevention. It is also used to process the surgical field, medical instruments and products. In order to disinfect tools, the temperature of the solution must be at least 70 ° C.

As a prophylactic, chlorhexidine is used:

  • with burns, frostbite and other traumatic skin lesions. The tool is used to prevent infection of wounds;
  • for the prevention of STDs (gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis);
  • in urology (before medical procedures, where penetration into the urethra is necessary);
  • in gynecology (for the treatment of genital tract mucosa before surgery).

As a means of treatment, an aqueous solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is used:

  • for the treatment of purulent wounds;
  • for irrigation of the throat with ENT diseases;
  • with dental problems for rinsing the oral cavity;
  • in gynecology as douching and vaginal swabs for inflammatory and infectious diseases (cervical erosion, candidiasis, gonorrhea);
  • in urological practice for treating patients before and after surgery.

Antiseptic is widely used as a disinfectant:

  • in dentistry for the treatment of removable dentures;
  • in surgery - for the treatment of the surgical field, the hands of medical personnel and some medical instruments;
  • when treating the surface of equipment and medical devices (thermometers, phonendoscopes, ECG devices and others).

Instructions for use of chlorhexidine bigluconate

For therapeutic purposes, a solution of chlorhexidine is prescribed by a specialist. The doctor determines the desired type of solution (alcohol or water) and concentration, depending on the desired effect.

Solution for local and external use

For the treatment of diseases of the oral cavity, the product is used in the form of rinses. For these purposes, a concentration of 0.05% is required. Before the procedure, thoroughly rinse the oral cavity with clean water. Then 30-40 ml of the drug is collected in the oral cavity and rinsed for 30-60 seconds. In the future, you can increase the time to 3-4 minutes. After processing, you can not eat food and brush your teeth for 2 hours. You can drink only clean water. Rinsing the oral cavity is carried out 2-3 times a day.

Treatment of the throat with ENT diseases is carried out in the same way. Only the solution should never be swallowed. In diseases of the throat, an antiseptic is useful to alternate with anti-inflammatory herbs (chamomile, calendula, sage).

Treatment of the mucous membranes of the genital organs is carried out by washing, douching and staging medicinal tampons.

  1. Washing is carried out daily, in the morning and in the evening. For this, 50 ml of a 0.05% solution is diluted in 500 ml of warm boiled water. After washing, the genitals are dried and put on clean linen.
  2. Douching is a more effective treatment. The syringe allows you to deliver an antiseptic to even the farthest places in the vagina.Douching is carried out after daily hygiene procedures, disinfected by douche. For the manipulation, 50-100 ml of a 0.05% aqueous solution is drawn into a syringe, and then released into the vagina. You can hold the liquid for a few seconds inside.
  3. The setting of medicinal tampons is carried out both at home and in the handling room. They put tampons mainly in the supine position, so that the drug works as efficiently as possible without any discomfort.

Purulent wounds are treated with 0.2% or 0.5% aqueous antiseptic solution. Before applying chlorhexidine, it is necessary to clean the wound from the remains of purulent discharge using hydrogen peroxide. Peroxide can simply be poured onto a wound, or gauze swabs can be used. Treatment of purulent wounds with an antiseptic is carried out with cotton-gauze swabs. Some experts advise to apply a bandage with an antiseptic to an extensive purulent wound. A 0.05% solution is used for dressing. It will avoid unpleasant phenomena with prolonged exposure.

Alcohol spray for external use

Alcohol 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is used for treating hands and the surgical field before minor medical procedures, for processing instruments. Therefore, it is important to know how to use it correctly for effective disinfection.

Here are a few rules on how to use an alcohol antiseptic:

  • Before processing the hands, they must be washed with soap and dried with a sterile towel. Make sure that no soap residue is left on the hands, as it reduces the activity of the antiseptic substance. Apply 5-10 ml of product to hands and rub thoroughly (surgical treatment of hands);
  • Before disinfection of medical instruments, it is thoroughly cleaned of contaminants (biological fluids, residues of solutions) and disinfected.

During pregnancy and lactation

Pregnant women are allowed to use an antiseptic. However, before using it, you should consult a gynecologist.

IMPORTANT! During pregnancy, you can not douch with chlorhexidine. Douching is contraindicated for pregnant women, as they can provoke the development of an infectious process in the vagina, and sometimes spontaneous miscarriage.

The drug can be used during lactation. The active substance does not penetrate into breast milk, so it does not affect the condition of the baby.

Drug interaction

An antiseptic does not react with other medicines and medical solutions.

The use of the product in conjunction with soap, alkali and anionic detergents reduces the effectiveness of chlorhexidine to a minimum.

Contraindications, side effects and overdose

The use of an antiseptic solution is contraindicated in:

  • individual intolerance to the body;
  • an allergic reaction to chlorhexidine;
  • surgical intervention in the organs of hearing and vision;
  • dermatitis of various etiologies.

In childhood, use of chlorhexidine should be used with caution.

Side effects after using an antiseptic:

  • itching, burning, hyperemia of the skin;
  • the development of allergic reactions (urticaria);
  • the occurrence of dry mucous membranes;
  • development of dermatitis;
  • photosensitivity;
  • change in taste and color of teeth with long rinses.

Overdose

Cases of overdose of the drug Chlorhexidine bigluconate with external use have not been identified.

If a patient swallows an antiseptic during rinsing, a number of measures are necessary.

  1. Induce vomiting.
  2. Give the victim activated carbon or another sorbent.
  3. Contact a specialist.

Symptomatic treatment is prescribed based on the patient's condition.

Analogs of chlorhexidine bigluconate

Structural analogues of the means:

  • Hexicon. Available in the form of vaginal suppositories and vaginal tablets. Manufacturer - MAKIZ-PHARMA LLC, Russia. The price is from 299 rubles.
  • Chlorhexidine from PHARMPROEKT LLC, Russia. Available in the form of vaginal suppositories. The price is about 148 rubles.
  • Chlorhexidine from PFK UPDATE JSC, Russia. Available in capsule tubes, 5 ml each. A very convenient form for external use. The price is about 38 rubles.
  • Bactoderm. Antibacterial drug for external use. Active ingredients: benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine bigluconate. The producer - "INNOTHERA CHOUZY", France. The price is about 300 rubles.

Analogs for pharmacological action:

  • Miramistin. Antimicrobial solution for external use. The active substance is benzyldimethyl-myristoylamino-propylammonium chloride monohydrate. Manufacturer - LLC INFOMED, ​​Russia. Price from 225 rubles;
  • Aquazan. Antiseptic drug for external therapy. The active ingredient is povidone iodine. Manufacturer - “Iodine Technologies and Marketing”, Russia. The price is about 39 rubles.

An effective antiseptic solution should always be in the home medicine cabinet. It will protect open wounds from pathogenic microflora, help cope with unpleasant symptoms of thrush or aphthous stomatitis. The undoubted advantage of the solution is its availability and cheapness.

Similar:More from the author: