In the temperate climate zone, the Chizhovskaya pear has gained great popularity. A universal variety with juicy pulp is used not only raw, but also good for creating various winter preparations - compotes, jams, candied fruits.

Variety Description and Characterization

The variety is represented by medium-sized trees up to 2.5 m in height. The trunk is covered with brown bark, which is slightly lighter on the shoots. Pretty thin, leafy branches form a pyramidal or conical crown. The elongated oval-shaped leaf plates along the central vein have a characteristic bend. In the flowering phase, white flowers bloom, collected 5 to 7 pieces in corymbose inflorescences.

The average weight of semi-oily, thawing fruits, painted in greenish-yellow color, is 100 - 140 g.

The main characteristics of the variety:

  • Fruiting period. The variety begins to bear fruit from 3-4 years after planting in late August - early September.
  • Productivity Annually, 40-50 kg of fruit is removed from a tree that has reached 5 years of age.
  • Commercial quality. The fruits are distinguished by good appearance, excellent taste of pulp and transportability.
  • Keepiness. At a temperature of 1–2ºC, the Chizhovskaya pear crop can be stored until winter.
  • The ability to survive in difficult conditions. The degree is high.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Like other fruit crops, the pear “Chizhovskaya” has its advantages and disadvantages.

Among the advantages should be highlighted:

  • excellent resistance of the tree to scab and other fungal diseases;
  • high degree of frost resistance;
  • ability to endure difficult growing conditions.

Significant disadvantages include shredding of fruits as the tree grows older.

If young fruit-bearing specimens yield fruits weighing up to 140 g, then after the plant reaches the age of ten, the mass of pears is only 80 g.

Outdoor landing

In order for the pear to please the gardener with good health, good growth rates and stably high yields, it is necessary to correctly plant the plant in the garden.

For the Chizhovskaya variety, you need to choose well-lit areas, the soil on which has a loose structure, a good indicator of fertility and a slightly acid reaction. The soil is prepared for planting in 2 months, when dolomite flour is introduced under digging in the case of a strongly acid reaction. If on the selected territory alkaline soil, then it should be slightly acidified using superphosphate and potassium salt.

It is interesting:dolomite flour in the garden

Planting of seedlings is carried out in the spring before the start of the growing season or in the middle of autumn, when the planting material remains without foliage, according to the following scheme:

  1. At the prepared site, a landing pit is excavated with a depth of 0.5 m and a diameter of 1 m.
  2. A month later, a strong stake is driven into the pit.
  3. Next, a drainage layer is placed on the bottom, which in the future will protect the roots of the plant from stagnation of moisture.
  4. A nutritious soil mixture is prepared from garden soil, humus and a small amount of superphosphate.
  5. A sapling with a well-spread root system, which was previously treated with a growth stimulator and fungicide, is lowered to the drainage.
  6. The roots are lightly sprinkled with the extracted earth.
  7. Then the pit is filled with the prepared fertile substrate.
  8. The trunk circle is compacted and watered abundantly.
  9. A young tree is tied to a support.

In order for the Chizhovskaya pear to bear fruit annually at the proper level, other varieties that are pollinators must be planted nearby. Of the most suitable, pear pollinators are distinguished as Severyanka, Lada, and Rogneda.

Pear Chizhovskaya: leaving

The key to high yields is the systematic care of the pear.

  1. Watering. Systematically watering a pear with a blotting of the soil layer to the entire depth of the root system is necessary only in the first 3 years of development. Subsequently, adult specimens are watered 3 times during the growing season - during the budding, flowering and autumn phases to create a moisture reserve for the winter period.
  2. Loosening. After rainfall and heavy watering, the near-stem circle should be loosened to a depth of 10-15 cm to ensure the necessary level of aeration.
  3. Trimming and shaping the crown. Form a crown should start from the next spring after planting, given the basic rules. The distance of the skeletal lateral branches from the ground should be at least 50 cm. The length of the skeletal branches should not exceed 40 cm. The central trunk can rise 30 cm above the upper side shoots. Adult plants undergo spring sanitary and autumn rejuvenating pruning, in which dry, damaged branches, as well as those older than 3 - 5 years.

Pest and Disease Control

Pear "Chizhovskaya" can be attacked by pests such as copper flakes, Californian scale insects, pear gall bug, apple flower beetle and beech. As a protective agent against harmful insects at various phases of tree development, the most effective are insecticidal treatments according to the manufacturer's instructions.

The most dangerous diseases that can be affected by the Chizhovskaya variety are:

  • cytosporosis;
  • root cancer;
  • freezing.

If the trunk or perennial branches of cytosporosis appear in the form of red-brown, slightly depressed spots, which subsequently cause the formation of significant cracks, it is necessary to immediately clean such areas and treat with copper sulfate.

In the case of damage to the tree by root cancer, young specimens are suspended in development, while the disease has practically no negative effect on adults. As protective measures, it is recommended to purchase high-quality planting material at specialized points and not to plant it in contaminated soil.

The appearance of frost pits is associated with a strong decrease in temperature. Similar damages with the advent of spring are treated with Bordeaux mixture or vitriol, and then covered with garden var.

Fruit ripening

Variety Chizhovskaya is a mid-season hybrid, therefore, the pear ripening dates in late summer - early autumn, depending on the agro-climatic conditions of the cultivated area.

Gardeners value the variety for stable, annual yields that can reach 50 kg per representative of the variety.

Harvesting and storage

After ripening, the fruits of the Chizhevskaya variety do not crumble, and when they fall on grass or soft soil they do not immediately begin to rot, remaining for a week. For long-term storage, it is recommended to carefully remove the fruits. When the whole crop is harvested, it should be sorted out. High-quality, hard enough pears are placed in boxes with holes to provide ventilation. For storage, dark rooms with a temperature of 1-2 ° C are suitable, which allows you to store fruits for 4 months.

Thus, the harvested variety "Chizhovskaya", which has become very widespread in the middle lane and southern regions, due to its frost resistance and stubbornness, is gradually gaining popularity among gardeners of the northern regions with more severe and long winters.

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