Doctors advise regular biochemical blood tests. Basically, a study is prescribed to determine an increased concentration of urea. First you need to determine what triggered an increase in the concentration of this indicator. Doing this is mandatory, since such a condition can become a threat not only to human health, but also to his life. Let's examine in more detail what is urea?
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What is blood urea?
Urea is a toxin that appears in the synthesis of protein metabolism and represents the final product of the processing of amino acids. It is produced by the liver, excreted through the urine.
If the urea in the blood is elevated, then this phenomenon indicates the presence of certain deviations in the functionality of the kidneys, more often a violation of the norm upwards indicates the presence of diseases of the urinary system in acute or chronic form. With an increase in the level of urea in the blood, a decrease in its concentration in the urine is observed.
It should be noted that the concepts of urea and uric acid should not be confused, although they belong to the same group, they have different concepts and cannot be considered as a whole.
The norm in men, in women
The rate of urea in the blood depends on the age and gender of the patient:
- Children up to 1 month - 1.7-5 mmol / l.
- Up to a year - 1.4-5.4.
- Under 14 years old - 1.8-6.6.
- Women - 2.0-6.7.
- Men - 2.8-8.0 mmol / L.
The amount of urea depends on the following indicators:
- Amino acid level (the amount of ammonia production depends on this).
- The performance of the liver (evaluation of the conversion of ammonia to urea).
- Kidney performance (determination of urea output through urine).
If the food consumed is rich in proteins, with their significant synthesis, the production of ammonia, respectively, and urea increases.
Causes of increased urea in the blood
Many reasons have been identified that affect the level of urea in the urine, and this does not always indicate the presence of certain pathologies in the body.
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Possible pathologies
The main provocateur of exceeding the norm is considered to be a deterioration in the work of the kidneys, respectively, a violation of the withdrawal of urea.
The following pathologies can cause a similar phenomenon:
- Renal failure - initially urea rises, then - creatinine.
- Chronic renal failure.
- Reducing the diameter of the ducts of urine output (tumors, calculi).
- Pyelonephritis is an inflammatory disease of the kidneys.
- Glomerulonephritis is an immune-inflammatory kidney disease.
- Heart failure, heart attack - lead to poor blood supply to the kidneys.
- Blood diseases (leukemia, blood cancer, hemolytic jaundice).
- Pathologies of an infectious nature.
- Intestinal pathologies (obstruction, peritonitis).
- Serious burns.
- Tumors of the prostate gland.
- Severe shock state.
To make an accurate diagnosis, the amount of urea is detected, while the quantitative indicators of red blood cells, lymphocytes, sugar in the test material should be taken into account.
Natural causes
Urea level also depends on factors that do not show the presence of certain problems that require treatment:
- Times of Day.
- Severe stress, emotional overload.
- Strong physical activity.
- A large amount of protein food.
- Prolonged or uncontrolled intake of certain drugs that can increase the amount of urea.
Such effects do not impair the functionality of the organs and pass on their own, so they do not require specific treatment.
Blood biochemistry - preparation for analysis
For analysis, control blood is taken for the analyzer, that is, the blood is mixed with certain preservatives and a liquid that resembles plasma in composition.
Blood is taken in the morning before the first meal, you can drink only plain water. Blood sampling occurs from a vein at the bend of the elbow or from the ring finger. In addition to this, there are a number of rules that must be observed before submitting the material:
- Three days before delivery, stop taking medications that affect blood coagulation. The use of other drugs should be agreed with the doctor before taking the material, a hundred will give the opportunity to get the most reliable results.
- Exclude alcohol consumption.
- Eliminate fatty, spicy and fried foods from the diet.
- 8 hours before delivery, do not drink strong coffee, you can only weak tea.
- In the morning, before giving the material to refrain from smoking in order to avoid the occurrence of vasospasm.
You should not conduct a study for a physical examination for viral pathologies, since this will cause deviations from the indicators, a repeated analysis will be necessary.
Symptoms of High Content
An increase in urea is accompanied by the manifestation of the following symptoms:
- Constant fatigue, poor performance.
- General malaise.
- Headache.
The appearance of such signs occurs against the background of poisoning of the body with urea, which is a toxin.
Further, the number of symptoms increases:
- Nausea, vomiting.
- Diarrhea.
- Anuria - failure of the flow of urine into the bladder.
- Deteriorating liver function.
- Visual impairment.
- Bleeding.
- Uremic "hoarfrost" - nitrogenous substances seek a conclusion in the absence of exit with urine.
If a chronic form of uremia is observed, then high blood pressure is accompanied, which indicates a deterioration in blood flow to various organs, as a result, the formation of pericarditis is observed.Life expectancy can be increased by several years, but in the end there is a transition to the thermal degree of pathology (sepsis, uremic coma, cardiac tamponade), which causes the death of a person. In such cases, only a kidney transplant can save a person.
How to treat?
In those cases when an analysis reveals any disease, then first of all all measures must be directed to eliminating the cause of its occurrence. For this, a repeat study is prescribed, if the picture remains the same, then it is necessary to determine the provoking pathology.
If the urea concentration exceeds 10 mmol, then medication is necessary, and self-determination of therapy may worsen the clinical picture.
In such situations, Probenecid can be used, it improves the excretion of uric acid from the patient’s body, but other drugs are prohibited when using it, since there is a strong effect on the kidneys, in which the normal withdrawal of the active substances of the drug is disrupted. The drug should not be taken with acute gout, since there is a high risk of complications. In addition, the drug is not prescribed for children under 2 years of age, for women during pregnancy and lactation, a drug with a similar effect of Allopurinol is prescribed here.
The following therapeutic measures may help:
- Intravenous infusion therapy - it is necessary to monitor the quantitative level of water.
- Drugs that normalize urine output.
- Medications that improve the elimination of toxins.
High Diet
The use of a special diet with a mandatory fluid intake of at least 2 liters per day contributes to normalizing the use of carbonated drinks is not recommended. Eat better about 6 times a day in small portions.
The following products must be present in the diet:
- Low-fat meats and fish.
- Seafood.
- Milk and dairy foods.
- Fresh vegetables, fruits.
- Olive oil.
- Herbal decoctions and infusions.
The following foods should not be used:
- Store sausage.
- Carbonated and alcoholic drinks.
- Spicy, fried, smoked, sour dishes.
- Mayonnaise, ketchup.
- Cabbage, mushrooms of any preparation.
- Strong coffee drinks and tea.
- Preservation.
If untreated, the patient's condition becomes worse, the risk of uremia formation increases, one hundred and a half occurs as a result of intoxication of the body with protein synthesis products. In this case, symptoms such as apathy, impaired gait, impaired speech function appear, convulsions appear.
If there are suspicions of impaired renal function, you need to visit a urologist, timely treatment will make it possible to improve the patient's well-being and maintain health for the coming years.
