The main reason for which Bisoprolol is prescribed is the treatment of hypertension, as well as the prevention of arrhythmias with heart palpitations. The drug inhibits the activity of the autonomic nervous system, makes the pulse rarer, thereby lowering blood pressure. In small doses, it acts on B-1-adrenergic receptors, and in high concentrations it blocks B-2-adrenergic receptors. With an overdose of the drug, persistent bradycardia, hypoglycemia and heart failure develop, which are stopped by the use of specific antagonists.

Release form, composition of the drug

Bisoprolol is available only in tablet form. The main active ingredient that exhibits a therapeutic effect is bisoprolol fumarate. The remaining components are necessary to create a protective shell and give the desired shape.

As additional elements use:

  • lactose monohydrate;
  • titanium dioxide;
  • hypromellose;
  • magnesium stearate;
  • cellulose;
  • corn starch;
  • talc.

These substances are safe for the human body, exceptions are people with rare types of allergies, for example, with lactose intolerance.

For the convenience of consumers, bisoprolol tablets 2.5 mg, 5 mg and 10 mg of the active substance are produced in one unit.

In pharmacies, you can find the following configurations of the drug:

  • blisters for 10 tablets, 3 pieces per pack;
  • boxes of 10 pcs.;
  • plastic jars containing from 10 to 100 pcs.

For each pack of medicine, detailed instructions for use are attached, but do not self-medicate.

Bisoprolol is a drug that is taken according to an individual scheme drawn up by a doctor.

The annotation contains general recommendations.

Pharmacological action and pharmacokinetics

Bisoprolol is a selective beta1-blocker.

Once in the bloodstream, it acts on the regulatory system of the heart, providing several different effects:

  • antihypertensive - achieved by reducing the volume of blood that pumps the heart per minute, inhibiting certain receptors that affect blood pressure, and restoring the sensitivity of receptors that respond to abnormal blood pressure.
  • antianginal - after taking the drug, the myocardium begins to beat less often, the diastole lengthens (a pause between the beating of the heart), as a result, muscle fibers need less oxygen to work properly;
  • antiarrhythmic - manifests itself in arrhythmias with a rapid heartbeat. Bisoprolol delays the passage of an electrical impulse through the conduction system of the heart.

After getting into the gastrointestinal tract, almost the entire drug is absorbed (about 90%), the maximum concentration in the bloodstream is observed 1-3 hours after taking the medicine. Metabolism of the substance occurs in hepatocytes (liver cells), half is excreted from the body by the kidneys in their original form.

The medicine has the ability to accumulate, therefore, a persistent antihypertensive effect appears after several weeks of continuous use. Hypertensive people need to drink pills every day, even if pressure already bounced back to maintain the desired concentration of the drug in the body. Otherwise, after removing the active substance from the blood, a hypertensive crisis may develop.

What is Bisoprolol prescribed for?

Indications for the use of medicines are quite limited. First of all, it is used to treat hypertension.

And its effectiveness in diseases such as:

  • IHD - for the prevention of attacks of stable angina pectoris;
  • heart failure of a chronic course;
  • arrhythmias that are accompanied by tachycardia.

The drug should be taken regularly, most often, on an ongoing basis. Since the body gets used to the effect of bisoprolol, it is necessary to cancel the drug gradually.

Instructions for use and dosage regimen

The dosage, duration of administration and frequency of administration is selected individually for each patient, taking into account the heart rate and the body's response to the drug. With hypertension, tablets should be drunk 1-2 times a day for 5-10 mg. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 20 mg.

Bisoprolol should be consumed in the morning, before or during meals, washed down with water.

With heart failure, treatment begins with the lowest therapeutic dose, and then gradually increase the concentration of the active substance in one dose.

Typically, the circuit looks like this:

  • 1 week - 1.25 mg - 2 mg;
  • 2 weeks - 2.5 mg - 3 mg;
  • 3-4 weeks - 4 mg;
  • up to 8 weeks - 5 mg;
  • up to 12 weeks - 7.5 mg;
  • maximum concentration is 10 mg.

If negative reactions from the patient’s body are identified, the medicine is gradually withdrawn. You can not immediately stop taking, because withdrawal syndrome may develop.

Patients with kidney or liver disease are not recommended to prescribe more than 10 mg per day. During the reception, you should observe the functions of the problem organs.

During pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy, bisoprolol can be taken only in extreme cases, when you can not do without it. It practically does not penetrate the placental barrier, but is able to affect the blood supply to the placenta and uterus.

When taking medication while carrying a child, the fullness of the uterine vessels and blood flow in the pelvic organs and placenta should be regularly checked. And also the newborn will require careful medical supervision, because in the first few days of his life, he may experience bradycardia and / or a drop in blood sugar.

There are no data on the compatibility of breastfeeding and bisoprolol, so it is better to choose an alternative drug or transfer the newborn to artificial food.

Drug interaction

Bisoprolol can not be taken simultaneously with certain types of drugs, because due to their interaction, undesirable consequences may develop:

  • class I antiarrhythmic drugs - significantly reduce the ability of the myocardium to conduct electrical impulses and contract;
  • funds to reduce blood sugar - hypoglycemic coma;
  • cardiac glycosides - an increase in the time needed to conduct an impulse, as a result - severe bradycardia;
  • sleeping pills, antipsychotics - increased inhibition of the nervous system;
  • NSAIDs - leveling action.

Persons taking Bisoprolol on an ongoing basis must be informed of this whenever they seek medical help. This will help the doctor to take into account possible drug interactions and prevent the development of negative consequences.

Bisoprolol Compatibility with Alcohol

From a medical point of view, no medicine can be compatible with alcohol, and people often neglect this rule.

For some, the simultaneous use of alcohol and this drug will take place without consequences, while in others it can provoke the appearance of unpleasant symptoms:

  • chest pain
  • dizziness;
  • migraine;
  • weakness in the body;
  • vomiting
  • severe bradycardia;
  • drop in blood glucose;
  • loss of consciousness.

In any case, bisoprolol will aggravate the morning hangover, since alcohol will be eliminated from the body much more slowly, poisoning it.

Contraindications, side effects and overdose

The medication has a rather mild effect on the human body, although in some situations, taking it can significantly aggravate the patient’s condition and even lead to death.

Contraindications Bisoprolol:

  • block atrioventricular node II and more;
  • weakness of the sinus node;
  • asthma;
  • low blood pressure;
  • pheochromocytoma;
  • allergic reactions to the components of the drug.

And it is also not recommended to use the medication for treatment in childhood, due to the lack of sufficient clinical data on its effect on the child.

Sometimes when taking the drug, side effects on various organs and systems can be observed:

  • CNS - fatigue, migraines, confusion, tremors, hallucinations, disorientation in space;
  • endocrine system - hypothyroidism, changes in blood sugar;
  • heart and blood vessels - angiospasm, arrhythmia, bradycardia;
  • breathing - a runny nose, laryngo-or bronchospasm;
  • sensory organs - dry mouth, eyes, conjunctivitis;
  • digestive organs - nausea and vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, liver dysfunction.

If unpleasant symptoms occur, you should consult your doctor. He will adjust the intake of the substance or pick up another drug.

With an overdose of a medication, a condition that threatens the life of the patient may develop.

The clinical picture is characterized by a strong drop in blood pressure, interruptions in the rhythm of the heart (bradycardia, extrasystole), bronchospasm, fainting, general cramps, the appearance or worsening of adverse reactions. Such a patient requires emergency care - he is washed his stomach, prescribed adsorbents, with the help of medications, he corrects the general condition.

Analogs

Bisoprolol analogues are drugs that have the same active substance, but differ in name, price or auxiliary components:

  • Cardiosafe;
  • Concor;
  • Coronal;
  • Bicard.

Despite the similarity of the drugs, do not replace Bisoprolol with something else on your own. The same-looking tablets may contain different amounts of the active substance, which can lead to an overdose or to taking an insufficient concentration of the drug

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