There are a number of drugs whose pharmacological action is aimed at eliminating colonies of pathogenic microorganisms. Such therapeutic medicines include Ampicillin Trihydrate, which is prescribed for the treatment of diseases caused by various infections. The tool effectively copes with most known bacteria.
Material Content:
The composition of the drug
The active substance of the pharmaceutical product under discussion is the compound of the same name, which belongs to the penicillin group.
On pharmacy shelves found in one of two forms:
- 250 mg tablets;
- granules for suspension.
A number of additional compounds are also present in the tablet formulation: starch, magnesium stearate, talc. In the pharmacy you can buy both a plate and a whole cardboard box containing 10 tablets.
What is prescribed for children and adults
Ampicillin Trihydrate is effective against most pathogens. However, it is worth noting that the drug is not able to show therapeutic activity against bacteria that secrete the beta-lactamase enzyme. This particular compound damages penicillin.
The following indications for the use of the discussed agent are distinguished:
- bacterial infections of the ENT organs and respiratory tract (tonsillitis, pneumonia, sinusitis);
- bacterial infections of the kidneys and urinary tract (cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis);
- gonorrhea, chlamydia;
- disorders of the biliary system (cholecystitis);
- cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix);
- infectious lesions of the skin and soft tissues (impetigo, dermatitis);
- meningitis (an inflammatory process affecting the lining of the brain);
- diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
- gastrointestinal tract lesions (typhoid fever, dysentery);
- sepsis (a severe form of an infectious disease).
The drug is used exclusively for pathogens that are sensitive to the effects of the main compound.
The therapeutic effect of ampicillin is directed directly to the destruction of the cell walls of pathogens.
The therapeutic composition is able to influence, as well as inhibit the metabolic processes that occur within the cell structure of each individual bacterium.
Absorption in the digestive tract is carried out by 60%. The maximum amount in the blood is noted 2 hours after application. It is also worth noting that this therapeutic agent is resistant to aggressive gastric environment and acid, and therefore the main compound of the drug is not destroyed when it enters the gastrointestinal tract. Over a short period of time, it accumulates in the tissue structures and body fluids.
Excretion is carried out through the renal system, but also active excretion occurs along with breast milk.
Instructions for use and dosage of Ampicillin Trihydrate
"Ampicillin Trihydrate" is allowed for use regardless of food intake, however, this may affect the absorption and absorption of the main compound.
Typically, the standard dosage for this drug is two Ampicillin Trihydrate tablets (500 mg = 0.5 g). However, this calculation is not suitable for young children from the age of one month. For children, the amount of the drug is calculated depending on the weight: 100 mg per 1 kg.
The maximum dosage is six tablets (3 g), which are taken 4-6 times throughout the day.
- With bacterial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system, adults are prescribed 500 mg four times a day.
- For moderate diseases, adults are prescribed 1–2 g three times a day, and children are shown 25–50 mg per 1 kg of weight four times a day. Children over five years of age are prescribed 2 g per day.
The duration of the therapeutic course can be from a week to a month. The exact amount of the drug and the duration of treatment it is determined only by the attending physician, since uncontrolled use of antibiotics can harm health, worsen the patient’s condition, and also cause resistance of bacteria to the drug under discussion.
During pregnancy and lactation
According to the instructions for use and purpose, during pregnancy and lactation, this pharmaceutical product is not recommended for the treatment of any diseases. This limitation is directly related to the fact that the main component of Ampicillin Trihydrate is able to overcome the placental barrier and can pose a serious threat to an actively developing fetus in the early stages.
Also, a therapeutic drug can accumulate in breast milk, so lactation should be abandoned before its use.
Drug interaction
With the simultaneous use of Ampicillin Trihydrate with allopurinol, the likelihood of an allergic reaction, which is manifested by a strong skin rash, significantly increases.
The effectiveness of oral contraceptives may also decrease, the effect of indirect anticoagulants and antibiotic aminoglycoside series is significantly increased.
It is worth noting that the drug under discussion is incompatible with antacids, glucosamine and laxatives.
- Any food affects the absorption and absorption of tablets, however, ascorbic acid can increase absorption.
- Bacteriostatic drugs in combination with ampicillin have an antagonistic effect.
- Diuretics, phenylbutazone and allopurinol significantly increase the concentration of the active substance in blood plasma.
- Ampicillin Trihydrate may also enhance digoxin uptake.
Contraindications, side effects and overdose
Before using the presented medicine, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the instructions for use, since it has a list of contraindications for use:
- Intolerance to antibiotic drugs related to the ampicillin series.
- An allergic reaction to penicillins, carbapenems, as well as cephalosporins.
- Suspicion of infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia.
- Impaired liver function.
- Colitis, regardless of the causes of its occurrence.
- Up to one month.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
There are also a number of disorders in which this drug is prescribed with caution: bronchial asthma, renal dysfunction, a tendency to bleeding. In such cases, patients need careful monitoring by a specialist.
At the first suspicion of negative consequences after the use of Ampicillin Trihydrate, it is necessary to consult a doctor or change the drug.
Adverse manifestations include the following adverse reactions:
- Inadequate reaction of the body to the active compound (urticaria, itching, peeling).
- Allergic rhinitis.
- Angioneurotic edema.
- An increase in body temperature to subfebrile indicators.
- Anaphylactic shock.
- Dysbacteriosis (quite often).
- Stomatitis.
- Gastritis.
- Change in taste, pain in the stomach, bouts of vomiting, upset stool.
- Migraines, cramps, tremors.
If the established intake rate is exceeded, the possibility of an overdose is not excluded. The patient has signs of toxic damage to the central nervous system, bouts of nausea and vomiting, upset stool, as well as metabolic disorders. The victim must be given medical assistance, which consists in washing the stomach and further symptomatic treatment. Hemodialysis is also extremely effective in this case.
Analogs of Ampicillin Trihydrate
The specialist can replace the discussed drug with the following synonymous drugs:
- Ampicillin-Farmeks;
- Ampioks;
- Ampiside;
- Ampioks-Health;
- Ampicillin-Darnitsa;
- Ampicillin-Norton.
The above analogues of Ampicillin Trihydrate have a similar composition and pharmacological effect, and, accordingly, similar contraindications. Based on this, replacement medicines should be selected after consulting a physician.
