Before donating blood fluid to the level of transaminases, it is important to correctly prepare for the analysis and familiarize yourself with the AlAt norm in men and women. After all, alanine aminotransferase is a very important element that helps to determine the existing pathologies.

What is ALT in a blood test

AlAt is a marker enzyme for the liver, which belongs to the class of enzymes. Its amount is measured in units per liter of blood fluid. Transferase is responsible for the exchange of aminocarboxylic acids and serves as a catalyst for chemical reactions.

The protein structure is found in the tissues of the following organs:

  • lungs;
  • spleen;
  • excretory organs;
  • myocardium.

The ALT enzyme has an endogenous origin and is necessary for the proper functioning of the body.

Its role is quite large:

  • increases the speed of the metabolic process;
  • strengthens defenses;
  • provides the body with strength and energy;
  • promotes the production of lymphocytes.

Detection of AlAt concentration is a common diagnostic method that helps to identify diseases of the liver and blood vessels. A biochemistry analysis is required for people with obesity and diabetes. It also allows you to monitor the progress of the therapeutic course, showing the success of the drugs used.

How is the study

Blood fluid of the venous system for study is taken before lunch. Before diagnosis, a person should not eat anything. The last meal should take more than eight hours.The day before the procedure, you can not drink alcohol, eat fatty and fried foods. It is recommended to reduce active loads.

Also, you should not take a biochemical analysis after the following procedures:

  • Ultrasound
  • X-ray
  • colonoscopy;
  • physiotherapy.

For 10-14 days, you should stop taking medications. If this is unacceptable, the study makes a mark on the treatment and dosage of drugs.

When decoding biochemistry, the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is also taken into account. There is a Ritis scale that determines the proportions of two structures: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase.

Normally, their ratio is 1.33. The error is not more than 0.42.

If, when dividing AST by ALT, a number less than 1.33 is obtained, this is a sign of a painful deviation in the gland of external secretion, if higher, a symptom of a cardiological disease. So the de Ritis coefficient helps to make a more accurate conclusion in relation to a particular patient.

The norm of ALT in women and men

In the stronger sex, the concentration of transaminases is higher due to better endurance and greater muscular mass. However, men are more likely to suffer from bad habits, eat poorly, and face stress and nervous strain.

Therefore, the stronger sex is more susceptible to internal pathologies that impersonate the excess of ALT. In ladies, the process involving a specific substance does not proceed so quickly.

Thus, the following numbers are considered acceptable indicators:

  • the minimum norm of ALT in the blood of women is thirty-one units per thousand milliliters of blood, the maximum is thirty-five;
  • the lowest threshold in men is forty-one units, the maximum is forty-five.

The slightest deviations from the norm for a couple of units are allowed. After fifty years, alanine aminotransferase is elevated due to a worsening of the metabolic process.

In women bearing a fetus, the norm is from thirty to thirty-two units. The concentration of the substance varies depending on the trimester. The reason for this reaction is hormonal changes in the body.

Special is rising transaminases in the first and last three months of embryo development. Then his indicators increase two to three times. If the figure is exceeded tenfold, this indicates the presence of an ailment. The rate of catalyst in the blood in young children and adolescents differs from the permissible limits in adults.

The accuracy of the result depends on the following parameters:

  • equipment manufacturer;
  • diagnostic method;
  • laboratory materials.

The final value should be judged by a specialist. It is impossible to diagnose an ailment yourself on the basis of laboratory analysis.

Alanine aminotransferase elevated - what does it mean

An increased number of ALT in liquid tissue means a violation of the normal functioning of the body. This usually indicates liver problems. Moreover, the higher the concentration of transaminases, the more neglected the disease.

Indications for the diagnosis of ALT are some of the signs:

  • pain on the right side of the chest;
  • general malaise;
  • lack of desire to eat;
  • dark urine;
  • light feces;
  • yellowing of the skin and eyeballs.

Timely detection of an increase in the concentration of an element will make it possible to eliminate alarming signs and correctly diagnose to prescribe high-quality therapy.

Causes of an increase in the enzyme in the blood

An increase in the level of catalyst may be associated with certain pathological processes:

  1. Hepatitis. It is a hepatic inflammation, causing a modest excess of the level of the substance.
  2. Steatosis. A pronounced growth of the protein structure is observed with steatohepatitis.
  3. Pancreatitis A strong deviation from the norm indicates an exacerbation of pancreatic inflammation.
  4. Myocarditis. Along with an increase in the protein structure, shortness of breath, severe fatigue are present.
  5. The clinical form of ischemia.The disease manifests itself as a result of impaired blood flow and causes tissue necrosis.
  6. Oncological disease. Often the result of hepatitis.
  7. Cirrhosis. The disease usually does not have a vivid clinical picture.
  8. Muscle degeneration. With it, the indicators of the substance can grow 7-8 times.

Biological fluid analysis shows an increase in ALT immediately after taking ethanol-containing drinks and with alcohol dependence. There are other reasons for the increase in ALT, which are provoked by external factors.

These include:

  • taking estrogens, anabolics, contraceptive pills;
  • too heavy loads;
  • nervous exhaustion;
  • taking niacin;
  • drug addiction;
  • chemical therapy;
  • injuries
  • poor nutrition (drinking soda, fast food).

These factors provoke a modest increase in the marker enzyme in the cells.

What to do when ALT in the blood is elevated

In case of deviation from the ideal designation, it is necessary to carefully examine the body using MRI, CT, ultrasound. The sooner a diagnosis is made, the more favorable the prognosis.

Typically, the following medications are taken to reduce catalyst in liquid tissue:

  • Tykveol;
  • Progepar;
  • Hepatosan;
  • Karsil.

These drugs protect the liver from destruction and regenerate damaged tissue. In addition to taking medications, it is recommended to adhere to a special diet, excluding spicy, fried and fatty foods from the diet. It is forbidden to get involved in pickles, pickled foods, smoked meats and sausages. It is important to remove strong tea and coffee from the diet, it is worth excluding alcohol and other bad habits.

As additional measures, it is permissible to use decoctions and infusions from the following plants:

  • mint;
  • thyme;
  • milk thistle;
  • immortelle;
  • dandelion;
  • corn silk;
  • chamomile.

It is important to talk with your doctor before starting self-medication. In order not to miss the development of serious pathologies, a biochemical blood test from a vein should be taken 1-2 times a year.

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